Translation
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* How a diagnostic is identified (C90 3.7, C99 and C11 3.10, C90,
  C99 and C11 5.1.1.3).

  Diagnostics consist of all the output sent to stderr by GCC.

  * Whether each nonempty sequence of white-space characters other than
  new-line is retained or replaced by one space character in translation
  phase 3 (C90, C99 and C11 5.1.1.2).

  Implementation-defined behaviorImplementation-defined
  behaviorcppThe C Preprocessor.