Collaboration diagram for tailcall:

Data Fields
gimple_stmt_iterator	call_gsi
bool	tail_recursion
tree	mult
tree	add
struct tailcall *	next

Detailed Description

@verbatim

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

   The file implements the tail recursion elimination.  It is also used to
   analyze the tail calls in general, passing the results to the rtl level
   where they are used for sibcall optimization.

   In addition to the standard tail recursion elimination, we handle the most
   trivial cases of making the call tail recursive by creating accumulators.
   For example the following function

   int sum (int n)
   {
     if (n > 0)
       return n + sum (n - 1);
     else
       return 0;
   }

   is transformed into

   int sum (int n)
   {
     int acc = 0;

     while (n > 0)
       acc += n--;

     return acc;
   }

   To do this, we maintain two accumulators (a_acc and m_acc) that indicate
   when we reach the return x statement, we should return a_acc + x * m_acc
   instead.  They are initially initialized to 0 and 1, respectively,
   so the semantics of the function is obviously preserved.  If we are
   guaranteed that the value of the accumulator never change, we
   omit the accumulator.

   There are three cases how the function may exit.  The first one is
   handled in adjust_return_value, the other two in adjust_accumulator_values
   (the second case is actually a special case of the third one and we
   present it separately just for clarity):

   1) Just return x, where x is not in any of the remaining special shapes.
      We rewrite this to a gimple equivalent of return m_acc * x + a_acc.

   2) return f (...), where f is the current function, is rewritten in a
      classical tail-recursion elimination way, into assignment of arguments
      and jump to the start of the function.  Values of the accumulators
      are unchanged.

   3) return a + m * f(...), where a and m do not depend on call to f.
      To preserve the semantics described before we want this to be rewritten
      in such a way that we finally return

      a_acc + (a + m * f(...)) * m_acc = (a_acc + a * m_acc) + (m * m_acc) * f(...).

      I.e. we increase a_acc by a * m_acc, multiply m_acc by m and
      eliminate the tail call to f.  Special cases when the value is just
      added or just multiplied are obtained by setting a = 0 or m = 1.

   TODO -- it is possible to do similar tricks for other operations.

   A structure that describes the tailcall.

Field Documentation

tree tailcall::add

gimple_stmt_iterator tailcall::call_gsi

     The iterator pointing to the call statement.

tree tailcall::mult

     The return value of the caller is mult * f + add, where f is the return
     value of the call.

struct tailcall* tailcall::next

     Next tailcall in the chain.

bool tailcall::tail_recursion

     True if it is a call to the current function.

The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file:

tree-tailcall.c

Data Fields

Detailed Description

Field Documentation